Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Practice

Low ETCO2, or end-tidal carbon dioxide, is an important indicator of the effectiveness of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). When chest compressions are inadequate, blood circulation is compromised, leading to less carbon dioxide being transported to the lungs and subsequently exhaled. Consequently, a low ETCO2 reading suggests that the circulation is insufficient and that the quality or depth of compressions may not be adequate. In contrast, high ETCO2 levels would indicate effective circulation and ventilation, meaning that chest compressions are likely being performed adequately. Effective ventilation correctly allows for adequate gas exchange but does not directly reflect compression quality. A normal heart rhythm, while an important indicator of overall cardiac function, cannot be solely relied upon in assessing the effectiveness of CPR, especially in the presence of a pulseless rhythm where compressions are essential. Thus, low ETCO2 becomes a clear indicator of inadequate chest compressions during CPR.